Car-wheel chill



(No Model.)

W WILMINGTON. Gar Wheel Chill.-

Patented Aug. 10,1880.

wmnsszs:

ATTORNEYS.

Ii PETERS, PHOTO-LITHQGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM WILMINGTON, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

CAR-WHEEL CHILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 231,130, dated August 10, 1880. Application filed June 16, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Beit known that I, W ILLIAM WILMINGTON, of Toledo, in the countyot' Lucas and State of Ohi0,have invented a new and Improved (lar- NVheel Chill; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull,clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a view of a fragment of the chill, showing its drag-face. Fig. 2 is a crosssection of the chill through the line a: 21/, showing in dotted lines the relative position of the cope and drag when the chillanold is complete.

The invention relates to certain improvements in that class of carwheel chills which have in the outer portion of the tlangeface a peripheral receptacle for sand or its equivalent.

The invention consists in constructing the chill with this peripheral receptacle, and also with a circular chamber in rear of it hav ing an inlet and outlet for the circulation of superheated steam, the object of which will be fully explained hereinafter.

It also consists in constructing a series of cavities or notches in the portion of the flangeface of the chill between the peripheral receptacle and its drag-face about one-half of an inch in width and about one inch apart, so that the inner edge of the drag-face of the chill shall be tangential to the apex of the flangespace, except at the cavities or notches, which will connect or form communication between the sand in the receptacle and the sand in the drag, for the purpose of permitting the gas (generated by the molten iron coming in contact with the sand in the receptacle) to escape to the outer air by permeating downward through the sand in the drag.

In the drawings, A represents the car-wheel chill, having in its flange-face, and slightly above the plane of the drag-face, a peripheral receptacle, B, for sand or other equivalent nonconducting material. At intervals of about one inch apart are cavities, notches, or openings 0, about one-half inch wide, which make communication between the grooved receptacle B and the sand in the drag. It will thus be seen that the inner edge of the drag-face is alternately tangential to the fiange space and broken up by the notches. Wherever it is thus tangential the sand in the drag is separated from the sand in the peripheral receptacle, and the latter is held in place without the necessity of a parting and without falling out, while between these points the sand in the notches t'orm communications for ventilatin g the peripheral receptacle, which communications can be readily formed in the edge of the chill without boring through the body of the same.

D is a circular chamber for the circulation ot'superheated steam. This chamber isformed in the metal of the chill, just in the rear of and close to the sand-receptacle.

There have been heretofore Letters Patent of the United States granted me for improvements in car-wheel chills for a number of different modifications, which were intended to retard the cooling of the molten iron composing the flange, for the purpose of increasing the depth of the chilled iron in the concave part of the tread of the wheel, and some of these modifications ofcar-wheel chills produced good results.

The improvement in car wheel chills on which Letters Patent of the United States were granted me December 16, 1879, consisted in constructing an open peripheral receptacle in the flange-face of the chill above the dragface, and connecting this receptacle with the drag-face of the chill by a series of openings leading through the body of the chill to a circular recess in the drag-face, for the purpose of conveying the gas generated in the receptacle to the outer air. This modification of car-wheel chills produces beneficial results; but there are difficulties in the use of this form of car-wheel chill, which may be explained as follows: To obtain the best results in casting iron car-wheels the flange must be down, so that the metal composing the flange may be dense and stron Now, as the tread-face of the chill overhangs the flange part of the same in the operation of casting the wheel, the molten iron flows under the flange-face of the chill, and as it rises upward incloses the sand in the receptacle, and the sand being moist, as is necessary, the heat will quickly convert the moisture into steam. A portion of this steam near the openings will escape outward through the same; but the greater part will be forced inward and comein contact with the molten iron forming the tread, and this will cause more or less disturbance to the semi-solidified iron and will produce cold sheets and scams, which cause the tread of the wheel to crumble and impair its durability.

There are other difficulties caused by the moist character of the sand in the receptacles-thus, for instance, it hastens, by its greater conductivity, the cooling of the molten iron 'forming the flange, while it is well recognized that the contrary effect of retarding the cooling of the molten iron composing the flange is most desirable for the purpose of increasing the depth of chilled iron in the concave part of the tread. I have remedied these difficulties in this class of car-wheel chills by passin g a current of superheated steam through a circular chamber formed in the chill near the flange portion of the chill about one minute before casting the wheel. Now, the sand bein g in place in the peripheral receptacle in the flan ge-face of the chill, the steam heat imparted to this portion of the chill will quickly evaporate the moisture in the sand in the re ceptacle and more or less of the moisture contained in the sand, which forms the outer and lower portion of the flange. The sand also in the receptacle and the remaining portion of metal composing the flange-face of the chill being heated, the molten iron composing the flange will be retarded from coolingfor a lon period than has been heretofore obtained, thereby seeurin g a greater depth of chilled iron in concave parts of the tread and better quality and surface of chilled iron in the whole of the tread of the wheel cast therein.

I do not confine myself to the use of any particular one of the known forms of peripheral sand-receptacles constructed in the flan ge-face of car-wheel chills and having mechanical devices for ventilating the receptacle, but will adopt that form which will produce the best results when combined with the circular chamber, for the purpose heretofore set forth.

I do not claim as my invention heating carwheel chills, for that has long been known; nor do I claim as my invention forming a circular chamber in the main body of a car-wheel chill for the purpose of circulating steam to heat the chill, for this has been tried before.

[also disclaim in this present application the construction of a circular air or steam chamber in the flange portion of a car-wheel chill when used without a sand-receptacle, as both of these have already been patented by me.

I further disclaim in this present application for a patent the construction of a peripheral receptacle located in the flange-face of a carwheel chill, for the purpose of securing sand or its equivalent, having mechanical devices for ventilating, consisting of a series of openings formed under the drag-face or through the main body of the chill.

I would also call attention to my Patent No. 217,8t0, granted July 22, 1879, in which a chill having a peripheral sand-receptacle was adapted to be heated by a current of steam directed against the external periphery of the chill.

What Ido claim is 1. A car-wheel chill having a peripheral receptacle for sand or its equivalent located in the flange-face of the chill, and having also back of this sand-receptacle a circular chamber for the introduction of steam, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. A car-wheel chill having a peripheral receptacle for sand or its equivalent located in its flangeface and slightly above the plane of the drag-face, and having also the inner edge of its drag-face alternately tangential to the apex of the flange space and broken up by open slots, notches, or cavities 0, formed through that part of the chill opposite the apex of the flan ge-space of the mold, for the purpose of connecting the sand in the peripheral receptacle with the sand in the drag, as shown and described.

WILLIAM WILMINGTON.

Witnesses:

HARRY HAYNES, HENRY E. RoUsn. 

